No longer required in APA 7, however check for instructor specific instructions.
Page numbering starts on the cover page
References
Double-spaced
½ ” hanging indent from the margin on all lines after the first in an entry
See “References” page for examples
Dos and Don’ts
Do
Use active voice instead of passive wherever possible.
Passive: The experiment was conducted by Roberts.
Active: Roberts conducted the experiment.
Know what type of paper you are writing. “I” and “we” are appropriate and necessary for reflective essays but not for research papers. In research papers, use “I” and “we” sparingly or not at all, and only use “I” and “we” when referring to researchers, not when referring to people in general.
Use person-first language. For example, “people with autism” instead of “autistics.”
Remember that “data” are always plural.
Use the word “participants” instead of “subjects.”
Keep your audience in mind.
Don’t
Use direct quotes (they can be used, but should be used sparingly. Paraphrase whenever possible).
Use absolutes such as “completely,” “absolutely,” “always,” etc.
Use immodest expressions such as “prove”. Use words such as “suggest,” “support,” “show,” or “indicate” instead.
Use overly complex sentence structures. The goal is clarity.
Use colloquial or informal writing style, especially slang.
Use contractions.
Use biased language.
The male pronoun (he) does not refer to everyone.
Define people by what they aren’t. Rather than saying someone is “non-White,” say they are Latino, for example.
Assume readers will know what you mean. Define all acronyms, jargon, theories and ideas fully.
Know what is expected in common types of writing
Research papers
Abstract
Introduction
Literature review (past tense: “Roberts showed” or present perfect tense: “researchers have shown”)
Methods (past tense or future tense in the case of a proposal)
Results (past tense)
Discussion (present tense)
References
Appendices (if needed)
Reflective papers
Summarize reactions and feelings regarding an experience
Analyze the meaning of the experience
Use “I” statements
Do not require thesis statements
Do have an introduction, body and conclusion
Social policy analysis
Goal is to critically evaluate the effectiveness of a social policy.
Generally, includes the following sections:
The Issue: Clearly define the social problem the policy addresses.
Background: Describe the historical development and original intent of the policy and how it attempts to address the social problem in question.
Analysis: Analyze the social policy, focusing on its strengths and limitations in addressing the problem.
Recommendation: Propose social policy alternatives that might better address the problem.
Conclusion
Professional writing assignments
(University of Montana Writing Center)
Support all opinions with facts.
Are as concise and thorough as possible.
Can become part of a client’s record.
Case Notes— objective descriptions or observations of a situation. They are accurate, clear, and concise. They represent observations, not personal opinions.
Assessments—descriptive compilations of data gathered to present a cohesive view of an individual or family. They describe what a profession thinks professionally, personally, and are descriptive, not diagnostic.
Treatment Plans—outline an intervention that includes specific goals and objectives. Goals are usually broad statements while objectives are measureable actions to be taken.
Personal statements
Answer all questions fully and clearly.
What to include:
Why social work as a profession
Student experiences (and how they connect to the field of social work)
Work experiences (and how they connect to the field of social work)
Why this school
The six core values of social work (dignity and worth of a person, competence, integrity, service, social justice, and importance of human relationships)
Other useful tips and tricks
Make sure everything is cited, and cited correctly.
Avoid common grammatical errors.
Write the paper over time instead of in one sitting, and edit and proofread over time.
Never be afraid to ask a professor for clarification if something is unclear.
References
American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American psychological association. (7th ed.). American Psychological Association.
Angeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Anderson, M., Soderlund, L., & Brizee, A. (2013, March 1). General format. Retrieved from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01.
Mertens, Maggie. (1999-2003). Tips on writing a reflection paper. Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/way_5184362_tips-writing-reflection-paper.html.
Olson, K. & Meyersburg, C.A (2008). A brief guide to writing the psychology paper. Retrieved from http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic526630.files/BG%20Psychology.pdf.
Prichard, David C. (1996). Graduate school admissions: Writing an effective personal statement. Retrieved from http://www.socialworker.com/admissio.htm.
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Social Work. (n.d.). Writing tips for the MSW program. Retrieved from http://ssw.unc.edu/files/pdf/2013Adv.Standing-WritingandAPAworkshop-revised5-14-13.pdf.
University of Montana Writing Center. (n.d.). Writing in social work. Retrieved from http://www.umt.edu/writingcenter/docs/resourcesforwriters/writinginsocialwork.doc.
University of Washington. (2010). Style points for scientific writing. Retrieved from http://www.psych.uw.edu/writingcenter/writingguides/pdf/style.pdf.
Wolfe, Conie. (n.d.) General tips for writing a paper for psychology. Retrieved from http://www.muhlenberg.edu/depts/psychology/writingtips.htm